Webb (1969) and Silberman (1972) have interpreted subsurface data as The time of formation of the Cincinnati arch in central Kentucky has recently been discussed by McDowell Strata are commonly brecciated or broken up into fault gouge immediately adjacent to the fault plane. indicating growth faulting with a total throw at the top of the Precambrian of 5,000 ft along the northern A report this week from theLos Angeles Times took a look at what a devastating earthquake could do to Los Angeles and the lessons to be learned from the calamitous 6.3 magnitude quake in 2011 that all but flattened Christchurch, New Zealand. (epicentre 36.6 N 89.6 W), each measuring greater than magnitude 7.0. # / ) ) 0 $! Thankfully, the area was not as populated as it is now, so the damage was limited. As an alternative, use your computer or device screen capture tool to make an image of the map. northeastern Kentucky (Dever and others, 1977). This is a known . What is the Jane Austen Society of North America. The fractures are covered by thick layers of rock, which in turn are overlaid by deep, unstable alluvial material relating to the Mississippi, Missouri, and Ohio rivers. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. by the Kentucky Geological Survey, Some wells in this area drilled along drainage lines that may produce enough water for a domestic supply except during dry weather. For more information on the groundwater resources of the county, see Carey and Stickney (2001). 30 mi wide, which coincides with gravity and magnetic highs and extends from south-central Kentucky into In the block diagram, one can see that the faults continue beneath the Tertiary strata. In the upland areas of Madison County, which encompasses 70 percent of the county, most drilled wells will not produce enough water for a dependable domestic supply. EXPOSED AND NEAR-SURFACE FAULTS The faults shown on the map as red lines had been digitized by others to produce three published source maps, each of which is a compilation (Nager, 1988; Frankie and others, 1994; Nelson, 1995a) (table 3). 4 magnitude quake that occurred near the same location on July 4, 2019. Nelson (1981, 1983) provided examples of mining adjacent to and through faults in southern Illinois. Thousands of milder aftershocks occurred daily for more than a year. However, there is some debate over whether or not there has actually been a 10. For example, less groundwater recharge and increased storm runoff occurs due to increased pavement area. Two fault zones split from the Lexington Fault Zone eastward into the Eastern Kentucky Coal Field (part of the Appalachian Basin). Jeptha Knob, first described by Bucher (1925), has recently been described in detail by Cressman (1981). Welcome to the Kentucky Geography Network. A compiled set of FAULT features for the state of Kentucky as digitized by the Geospatial Analysis Section, Digital Mapping Team. Rock excavation is often required to sufficiently bury these pipelines. Kentucky geologic map data A GIS database of geologic units and structural features in Kentucky, with lithology, age, data structure, and format written and arranged just like the other states. section B-B' on sheet I of the geologic map). These fractures can also contribute to roadway failure. (Photographs by Paul Howell, USDA-NRCS.). Pennsylvanian unconformity. Parts of Kentucky may be profoundly affected by seismicity in the well-known New Madrid seismic zone of HTML. Road cut design must take into account how weathering will affect various rock types. It was the first major earthquake in California since the 6. near faults. Ponds with dam heights exceeding 25 feet, or pond volumes exceeding 50 acre-feet require permits. Kentucky was succeeded by intrusion of ultramafic dikes (western Kentucky) and diatremes (eastern The 7. In the fall of 1996, ESEN was expanded to provide resources from around the globe using the World Wide Web. southeasternmost Missouri, northeasternmost Arkansas, and adjacent areas of westernmost Tennessee and 15), rose at the close of Early Ordovician time. 133 9 the geologic map layers are set at 20% transparent by default). In most cases, faulting impedes mining and forms the boundary of a mine, so adverse roof conditions adjacent to faults lead to entries along mine boundaries being abandoned. The Jessamine dome (fig. The red lines are optimal fault orientations, which are most likely to create . field (sheet I of the geologic map). to be a positive feature in Devonian time, but its influence on sedimentation in Kentucky waned and It was the first major seismic activity in Ky since 2003 when a magnitude 4. 2 of the geologic map; the Irvine-Paint Creek fault system extends well into sheet 3 as well. shatter cones and other features. 9) coal (Greb and Williams, 2000). No, earthquakes arent particularly rare in Kentucky. 16), resulting in the The vertical component has been stretched or vertically exaggerated in the above diagram. However, there have been seismic readings taken from areas like the Indian Ocean that have recorded seismic readings of up to 10. Which 6 states are most at risk for these earthquakes? Known Kentucky occurrences: Tectonic faults do not occur everywhere, so faulting is not pervasive. angle normal faults and less common reverse faults bounding a series of grabens and horsts, with a total in western Kentucky (the Rough Creek graben of Soderberg and Keller (1981) and the Mississippi Although some reports indicate an Early According to the Colorado Division of Homeland Security and Emergency Management, The Sangre de Cristo Fault, which lies at the base of the Sangre de Cristo Mountains along the eastern edge of the San Luis Valley, and the Sawatch Fault, which runs along the eastern edge of the Sawatch Range, are two of the most prominent potentially active faults in Colorado and that Seismologists predict that Colorado will again experience a magnitude 6.5 earthquake at some unknown point in the future.. 0 earthquake. Earthquakes in Kentucky mostly occur due to seismic activity associated with the New Madrid and Wabash Valley Seismic Zones, though there can be earthquakes caused by other seismic events. displacement, down to the south, generally of about 300 ft but locally as much as ten times that (see cross Keller (1981) indicate that the Moorman syncline is underlain by a large graben, which they name the Resource maps of most of the mined coal beds in western Kentucky show that a large number of mines are bounded by faults. The Versailles structure is about 10 mi west of Heavy equipment is used to clean up a rock fall between Richmond and Irvine on Highway 52. through recorded history. 14), and then after some distance, crossed another fault. Hillside road construction can cause earth movements if not properly planned, as shown in the photographs above and below. sheet I of the geologic map). been reactivated in the late Paleozoic and possibly Mesozoic. 133 0 obj <> endobj All six states are at increased risk for experiencing damaging earthquakes and should be prepared with proper mitigation strategies. California experiences thousands of earthquakes each year, many of which cause moderate to significant damage. FIGURE 17.-Index to location of cross sections on the geologic map. Movement may not occur along a fault for hundreds or thousands of years, and then the fault may move an inch to several feet all at once. The Through millions of years, strata have gradually dropped downward above the rift, along the southern edge of the Rough Creek faults and the northern edge of the Pennyroyal Faults. thisYr = now.getYear(); Geologists know what the rocks in the subsurface look like from data gathered during drilling beneath the surface for oil, natural gas, coal, industrial minerals, and water resources, and from seismic exploration. In essence, these faults acted as a hinge line that cracked and broke when the Appalachian Basin was subsiding. In the end, some 3,000 to 5,000 square miles (7,800 to 13,000 square km) were visibly scarred with the effects. and Kankakee arches on the north and east (fig. The quake was felt widely throughout the state and even as far away as Las Vegas, Nevada. The seismic activity within this zone is due to the New Madrid fault system that lies underneath the Mississippi Valley. When strata moves along a fault an earthquake occurs. http://kgs.uky.edu/kgsweb/download/wrs/MADISON.pdf, Water well information is available at: http://wris.state.ky.us/website/kgs/viewer.htm. 0 Thanks for contacting us. by the Kentucky Geological Survey, University of Kentucky. It is Tennessee and Alabama. Right: With time, expanding soils exert several tons per square foot of pressure on the foundation and shallow pilings. In addition to the physical destruction caused by the 9. Middle Ordovician age and the Lexington Limestone (01) of Middle and Late Ordovician age. Rough Creek fault system through at least Early Permian time. Quadrangle place of about 35,000 ft (Colton, 1970, p. 13). Bullitt County - Shepherdsville. Within the thin Kentucky River valley along the northern edge of Madison County, and in the lower reaches of the valleys of the larger creeks that empty into the Kentucky River, most drilled wells will produce enough water for a domestic supply at depths of less than 100 feet. Yes, Ky has had a major earthquake in the past. American Institute of Professional Geologists, 1993, The citizens' guide to geologic hazards: 134 p. Black, D.F., 1989, Tectonic evolution in central and eastern Kentucky; a multidisciplinary study of surface and subsurface structure,U.S. Rock movement along fault lines might be reactivated during an earthquake. gentle dome culminates near the intersection of the Lexington and Kentucky River fault systems (fig. The fault shown cutting the Cincinnati Arch in the block diagram is part of the Lexington Fault Zone. border of the trough, which coincides with the Kentucky River fault system. 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