Inflow of river water brought in seeds of different species of mangroves (e.g. So, they use a quote in the Bible which says a man has been given dominion status to justify the claim. Political Map of Nigeria Map based on a UN map. Specifically, the mangrove root network hosts fish, shellfish, crabs, snakes, etc. Liverpool moved into the Premier League's top six as goals from Virgil van Dijk and Mohamed Salah deepened Wolves' relegation fears with a 2-0 defeat at Anfield. Undoubtedly it would be technically possible to reclaim much, possible most of the Wash, but there are a couple of obstacles. We are a community of more than 103,000 authors and editors from 3,291 institutions spanning 160 countries, including Nobel Prize winners and some of the worlds most-cited researchers. Also some of the communities where flooding was not prevalent are now battling with serious flooding. However, there are other types of land reclamation, depending on the type of fill material, topography of the seabed and the type of equipment available. The next kind of management is human management [19]. Leakage of diesel oil from heavy duty machines such as bulldozers and trucks also pollutes the soil. Lagos - 8,048,430 Lagos is one of earth's largest urban areas. The dredged soil that is evacuated from the river bottom is dumped on land surface and smothers coastal vegetation such as mangroves. Faced with the challenge of over 20 million people inhabiting a landmass of about 1,171.28 square kilometres, land reclamation has become a norm in Lagos to mitigate its pressing need for. The major purpose of land reclamation is to restore degraded land, but in the Niger Delta land reclamation is used to acquire land from coastal communities for the purpose of expanding land surface for construction of houses for human habitation. Almost every coastal area in the Niger Delta has had one abandoned project or the other, one of which is sand dump. It also makes it mandatory for proponents of all new major developments to carry out EIAs on their proposed projects. This leads to the impairment of the health of aquatic and terrestrial organisms around the reclaimed area. Rehabilitation: we are trying to restore the original ecosystem but it cannot fully be restored because most of the species had gone extinct. Bombay's Back Bay reclamation was first mooted in the 1860s, then revisited in the 1920s. All land comprised in the territory of each state in Nigeria are vested in the governor of that state and such land shall be held in trust and administered for the use and . Industries also flock around coastal areas because of the ease of transportation of goods and equipments. Thus in other to expand the land area to accommodate the industrial complex, surrounding creeks were mowed down; sand filled and solidifies to build offices and apartments for workers. For instance, The United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat), in its article that x-rayed condition of the world cities titled Cities at Risk from Rising Sea Levels categorises Lagos as one of 50 cities most exposed to extreme sea levels. Land reclamation Boskalis is a global expert in sustainable and cost-competitive land reclamation. Landscape reclamation is intended for urban city expansion, road construction, housing project, crude oil exploration and sand mining. Changes in river channel via canalization or dredging changes the river system by increasing the length and breadth of the river which affects the flow dynamics and hydrology of the river [3]. The aim of acquiring land varies, but is mainly for possession and or production of goods and services to satisfy socio-economic and socio-cultural needs. Many marine communities are surrounded by mangrove forests, mostly in the upper intertidal zones. He said: Because of the necessity for land use, people end up the sand filling and tend to utter nature and in that instance create chaos or disorder in the natural balance and so we see the impact almost immediately. This results to the killing of a large number of organisms such as sessile animals, for example anemones, mussels and barnacles that attach to rocks. Notify me of follow-up comments by email. Mangroves are regarded as land forming organisms [10]. These days, it has transmuted into the Land Use Act (LUA), encapsulated within the Laws of the Federation of Nigeria 2004. Land reclamation has been a common practice to produce valuable land in coastal areas. These phases include: (i) deforestation of mangrove forest (ii) consolidation of swamp with bulldozers, (iii) pumping of white sand from the sea bottom unto shore, (iv) sand filling of reclaimed land, and (v) construction activity e.g. This is a situation where rivers near ports are expanded to accommodate large ocean going ships. Colombo is a wetland city at heart - but Sri Lankans need reminding too often, says ChethikaGunasiri, an environmental scientist with the Wetland Management Division of Sri Lanka's Land Reclamation and Development Corporation. Land reclamation has been a common practice to produce valuable land in coastal areas . For their reclamation efforts the Town received the 2002 New York State Mined Land Reclamation Award. Abia (state) Aba Arochukwu Umuahia Adamawa (state) Jimeta Mubi Numan Yola Akwa Ibom (state) Ikot Abasi Ikot Ekpene Oron Uyo Anambra (state) Awka Onitsha Bauchi (state) Azare Bauchi Jamaare Katagum One cannot jettison the issue raised by UN-Habitat and Ibidun Adelekan as regards the problem of flooding that can stem from massive land reclamation because coastal areas such as Lekki, Victoria Island and Ikoyi on several occasions have been ravaged by flood. It is the responsibility of the Government to protect the land against illegal landscape reclamations. Terrestrial land form eventually evolves from an aquatic environment after solidification. It also affects soil-dwelling organisms from adverse impact on water and soil quality. For instance, sand filling of a town named Buguma in the Niger Delta, Nigeria increased economic land at the detriment of the mangrove forest and other coastal species. The African Development Bank, Africa Union and Africa50 launched the Alliance during COP27 last November with global partners: the African Union Development Agency, the. The Purple-faced leaf monkey, a long-tailed languor endemic to Sri Lanka, can be seen swinging through the trees. This situation affects the fish survival and population. This includes zooplankton, phytoplankton, benthic organisms and fisheries. This facility is situated at a coastal community that is land-locked. For instance, The United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat), in its article that x-rayed condition of the world cities titled Cities at Risk from Rising Sea Levels categorises Lagos as one of 50 cities most exposed to extreme sea levels. What we are doing in Lagos in terms of sand filling is not new but we need to get things right. According to Wikipedia, land reclamation (land fill) is a process of creating new land from ocean, riverbeds, or lake beds. Oil companies clear coastal forest and set up oil wells and pipelines in swampy locations. Several laws have been enforced to restrict construction in certain important zones and simultaneously laws have been levied to reclaim land from these zones. But in the last two months I have not caught a single fish. This method is suitable for granular fill. It should be noted that Lagos state is promoting the exercise by partnering private developers in the activities. Thus, village land would be held in trust and apportioned by the chief. So far in this location thousands of houses had been built, which houses over half a million persons. Growth may also be facilitated by the absorption of soil nutrients embedded in the first layer of soil brought in by tides. Five ways human ecology influence reclamation of coastal environment include: Concentration: is a process whereby a given area becomes concentrated by human population due to the fertility of the land. A manufacturing company in the production of herbal drugs, Afroganiks, has called for more research on drugs produced from herbs, while noting that, Herbal products most of the time cause kidney problems and organ failure in the body because they are not well dosed.. Oil and gas exploration is the main exploratory activity that occurs in the Niger Delta region. Shrimp farming in particular has resulted to the conversion of large areas of mangroves. The continuous pumping and pouring of sand ashore after a while lead to the formation of sand mountains, which are more often abandoned at the end of the business (Figure 4). The Great Wall of Lagos will ensure that everyone living and working within the 10 square kilometres (6.2 miles) of reclaimed land for Eko Atlantic and the population of Victoria Island are protected from the sea, Frame assured. Over population is a major factor that had led to the extension of cities beyond coastal limits. Creating an artificial island is an expensive and risky undertaking. Deposited sand is usually evacuated by trucks to buyers. Land reclamation is a common problem in the cities. In a classical case of land recuperation after landscape reclamation at Eagle Island in the Niger Delta, recruitment occurred through natural process within a space of 13years. The problem of this action is that the nipa palm forest after being cleared is repossessed by the government for infrastructural developments, which rather than reduce the negative effect worsen the situation of the coast. Land reclamation is also known as land fill, it is the process of creating new land from ocean, riverbeds or lake beds. The latter is derived from coastal activities such as oil and gas, shipping, fishing, tourism and commerce. Books > In alphabetical order, the states are as follows: Abia, Adamawa, Akwa Ibom, Anambra, Bauchi, Bayelsa, Benue, Borno, Cross River, Delta, Ebonyi, Edo, Ekiti, Enugu, Gombe, Imo, Jigawa, Kaduna, Kano, Katsina, Kebbi, Kogi, Kwara, Lagos, Nasarawa, Niger, Ogun, Ondo, Osun, Oyo, Plateau, Rivers, Sokoto, Taraba, Yobe, Zamfara. Land reclamation is also known as land fill, it is the process of creating new land from ocean, riverbeds or lake beds. Located in the west-central part of Nigeria, Minna is a quiet and beautiful city in Nigeria. Ben Ayade for allowing a level playing field at the Cross River North senatorial election of Feb. 25. Anthropogenic activities around the coast is detrimental to its sustainability because of the addition of pollutants and contaminants [5]. For instance, establishment of refinery in a locality leads to the reclamation of more coastal lands to harbor the cluster of people who come to seek for jobs. "The oil industry in Nigeria is so corrupt that even locals get scammed. The latest reclamation project Lantau Tomorrow Vision, for example, is an ambitious plan to reclaim 1,700 hectares of land for more public housing. Work Plan for Groundwater Study at Long Island Mines. The side of the sand filled area was piled up to form balkanization against the inflow of river water. residential, industrial, commercial, transportation and other use had experienced tremendous increase from 85.4 square kilometres (43.36per cent) to 111.9 square kilometres (56.8per cent). Potential environmental impact of land reclamation in the Niger Delta, Nigeria. 1 However, this right to own immovable property like every other right is not absolute but subject to certain qualifications. How? Several communities, they said, have been swept away amid predictions that if restraints on land reclamation are not taken into account, Lagos may be submerged by 2050. Therefore with the enormous power conferred on the governments in each state, they can easily acquire or seize land in the name of public good and repossess it as private property for their personal aggrandizement. Minna. It is a system where plants and animals have advantage in reserved area. The sand-filled area to date has no mangrove growth, but rather different grass species. They stand to benefit from future developments in the axis. Also the Project Director, Arctic Infrastructure (AI), Mr. Lookman Oshodi, observed that in a city like Lagos where the per square kilometre of land available to a resident is relatively small, physical development is in spread form and cohesive approach to organise the city is not adequate, leading to competition over space which gives the outlook of the winner takes all. Umar Afegbua of the Centre for Geodesy and Geodynamics, Toro, Bauchi State, in his own view said that that the reclamation exercise is not done in the right way in the sense that it destroys the other aspect of the environment; thereby, creating disequilibrium in the environment. Map of Niger Delta Nigeria (circled) bordering the Atlantic Ocean has the biggest mangrove forests in Africa. But in the Niger Delta landscape reclamation is used to convert coastal areas to terrestrial areas. . Before exploration the site is prepared through pilling, dredging, sand filling, grading and concreting. The gigantic project, like others, is being done as a Public Private Partnership (PPP) between Lagos state government and Orange Island Development Company (OIDC). An example is a construction project such as the installation of infrastructure on reclaimed coastal areas e.g. Developmental activities are carried out in them through collaboration between Lagos state government and private developers. Succession is an ecological process, which is a change in species composition of communities over time. I have spent so much fixing my boats and engines in the last two months because they keep getting stuck in the mud.. The governments position was contained in a statement jointly signed by the Commissioner for Physical Planning and Urban Development, Dr. Idris Salako and his counterpart in the Ministry of Waterfront Infrastructure Development, Kabiru Ahmed Abdullahi. The method is a natural recovery and a passive method of accomplishing restoration. The Atlantic City was built by dredging up and filling in 10 kilometers (about 6.2 miles) worth of land. Coastal area is in serious danger from land reclamation in the Niger Delta, Nigeria. It could also lead to fish kills and smothering of aquatic organisms. It also deepens the sea bed, which affects the water level. 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